Modern papyrus finds from an ancient garbage dump of the provincial city of Oxyrhynchus, dated to the time between 75-125 AD Then one of the oldest representations of Euclid's Elements. The Ebers Papyrus, also known as Papyrus Ebers, is an Egyptian medical papyrus dating to circa 1550 BC. Among the oldest and most important medical papyri of ancient Egypt, it was purchased at Luxor, (Thebes) in the winter of 1873–74 by Georg Ebers. It is currently kept at the library of the University of Leipzig, in Germany. Beautiful modern papyri papyrus (excerpt) - illustrated and inscribed with hieroglyphic texts and scenes from the Egyptian Underworld. Not all the papyri were designed so intricately and colorfully illustrated here as this excerpt shows, depending on the purpose of the papyri.   The Golden Book (caricature in 18th century) In this book all the gods and their deeds are shown and described. It is not clear whether such a powerful book that really exists, or has existed, even just one side of it would apply as a fund ind as a breakthrough of archeology, because we know very little about the early people. In a foreign way, the thinking of Babalogie this book is an 'Artefact. The book was supposed to be so heavy that it could not be carried or moved there as a place. Often though it was near Mesopotania The study of ancient Mesopotamian architecture is based on available evidence, pictorial representation of buildings, and texts on building practices. Scholarly literature usually concentrates on temples, palaces, city walls and gates, and other monumental buildings, but occasionally one finds works on residential architecture as well. Archaeological surface surveys also allowed for the study of urban form in early Mesopotamian cities. The most notable architectural remains from early Mesopotamia are the temple complexes. Houses are mostly known from Old Babylonian remains at Nippur and Ur. Among the textual sources on building construction and associated rituals are Gudea's cylinders from the l ate 3rd millennium are notable, as well as the Assyrian and Babylonian royal inscriptions from the Iron Age. A portion of the papyrus of Ani from the Egyptian new kingdom, around 1200 BC. This is the most elaborate of the surviving Egyptian "Books of the Dead," which were a collection of spells to enhance the well-being of the deceased with whom the papyrus was buried. Courtesy Barry Powell, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Having reached a somber note, let's conclude our examination of the roots of writing with this Egyptian inscription, a Jeremiad before its time: The land falls apart, has become a wasteland to me; Made as the [desert]. Truth has been cast aside, and evil placed within the council; the gods' plans are disturbed and neglected, The land is in distress. Is vouched for example by the ancient Egyptians, this is particularly true that at the beginning of a new year did. Could they still hope that a new life cycle in nature, the individual was a chance for a fresh start, avoiding negative experiences of the past. As a symbol of new life gave you scarabs and New Year as well as small bottles, homemade spells on papyrus. Our European ancestors had similar customs, at any rate it was in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period is often the case, visit at New Year's Day, in order to wish each other luck for the future.